Table 1. Dissolved Zinc and Cadmium Concentration Summary Upstream and Downstream of SMC, mg/L.

Study	Date	Upstream zinc range	Downstream zinc range	Upstream Cd range	Downstream Cd range
USGS	April 1987-1988	0.007-0.17	0.27-0.59	<0.001-0.002	<0.001-0.004
USGS	July 1988	3.4	2.3	0.013-0.017	0.006-0.007
Weston	July 1988	NA	NA	0.007	<0.005
EPA	May 2000	0.092	0.47	<0.001	<0.001
EPA	September 2000	0.64	0.46	<0.005	<0.005
USGS	March 2000	0.25	0.97	0.0037	0.0024
USGS	August 2000	0.90	1.65	<0.001	0.0029
USGS	May 2002	0.36^a	1.57	0.0035	0.0013
BLM	July 2002	0.32^b			<0.005
Utah water quality standard^c		0.39	0.39	0.00076	0.00076

^a west fence line, ^b at main beaver pond, ^c hardness @400 mg/L

shaded areas exceed or potentially exceed Utah water quality standards

Table 2. XRF Analytical Results, Silver Maple Claims Surface Grid, mg/kg

(Note: 25 mg/kg substituted for non-detects to compute means; background (Weston, 1989))

Grid	Pb	Se	As	Hg	Zn	Cu	Ni	Fe	Mn
1A	1560	ND	200	ND	2629	25	ND	21299	25
1B	5290	ND	501	ND	9894	25	ND	37683	25
1D	3360	ND	243	ND	14592	25	ND	25293	25
1E	1180	ND	25	ND	1789	134	ND	10797	1160
2A	2509	ND	215	ND	4438	25	ND	22298	25
2B	1240	ND	25	ND	4538	25	ND	22592	25
3A	860	ND	25	ND	7290	25	ND	24998	25
3B	1570	ND	25	ND	8454	25	ND	27187	25
3C	971	ND	193	ND	7738	25	ND	40986	25
3D	1250	ND	25	ND	4518	25	ND	25	30797
3E	506	ND	25	ND	1540	25	ND	22298	2349
4A	2139	ND	25	ND	12000	25	ND	29696	25
4B	1930	ND	25	ND	6218	25	ND	21299	1080
4C	1930	ND	25	ND	9248	380	ND	26598	25
4D	2829	ND	292	ND	7386	25	ND	33178	25
5A	2309	ND	257	ND	12397	25	ND	26496	25
5B	576	ND	123	ND	10995	25	ND	18189	2000
5C	3219	ND	240	ND	5178	25	ND	18790	1530
5D	68	ND	25	ND	165	25	ND	572	16794
6A	2400	ND	25	ND	5248	25	ND	24000	1300
6B	1470	ND	166	ND	6227	25	ND	25	18099
6C	960	ND	229	ND	6378	25	ND	25	19392
6D	105	ND	25	ND	308	25	ND	25	17792
7A	6118	ND	288	ND	7398	406	ND	21888	25
7B	2970	ND	410	ND	3179	25	ND	25	28186
7C	2400	ND	310	ND	4198	310	ND	25	21594
7D	7040	ND	609	ND	20595	749	ND	25	13888
8A	3440	ND	247	ND	4278	267	ND	20698	1390
8B	1150	ND	233	ND	8576	25	ND	25	18995
8C	7040	ND	25	ND	55091	25	ND	25	15488
8D	223	ND	25	ND	249	25	ND	460	17293
9A	1600	ND	25	ND	3139	25	ND	16000	860
9B	1890	ND	323	ND	5968	25	ND	25	23194
9C	452	ND	25	ND	934	25	ND	443	18291
9D	180	ND	25	ND	402	25	ND	25	19392
10A	6250	ND	637	ND	14195	686	ND	42982	3269
10B	4058	ND	320	ND	31898	792	ND	37299	25
10C	245	ND	25	ND	550	25	ND	19098	25
10D	471	ND	25	ND	985	25	ND	18790	25
11A	327	ND	25	ND	630	25	ND	15488	902
11B	3019	ND	381	ND	11494	25	ND	25	19891
11C	204	ND	25	ND	396	25	ND	20595	25
11D	554	ND	25	ND	1350	25	ND	18394	904
Mean	2090		162		7550	107		15969	7355
Bkgd.	50	<1	<20	0.35

Table 3. Silver Maple Claims XRF Analytical Results, Miscellaneous Samples,

mg/kg (LOD – less than level of detection)

Location	Pb	Se	As	Hg	Zn	Cu	Ni	Fe	Mn	Cr
BLANK (QA)	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	156	<LOD	<LOD
BLANK (QA)	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	228	<LOD	<LOD
BLANK (QA)	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	190	<LOD
BLANK (QA)	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	229	<LOD
NIST H (QA)	5478	<LOD	865	<LOD	7424	2909	<LOD	33485	10694	<LOD
NIST H (QA)	5619	<LOD	929	82	7520	3259	<LOD	34995	10598	<LOD
NIST H (QA)	5600	<LOD	922	<LOD	7776	3170	<LOD	35379	9805	<LOD
NIST H (QA)	5549	<LOD	854	71	7245	3160	<LOD	<LOD	34995	9958
NIST H (QA)	5619	<LOD	811	78	7526	3360	<LOD	<LOD	33587	10899
P-10B (QA)	3779	<LOD	339	<LOD	33280	1200	<LOD	22797	2200	<LOD
P-10B (QA)	3587	<LOD	402	<LOD	30694	822	<LOD	23693	1610	<LOD
P-10B (QA)	3747	<LOD	337	<LOD	32077	<LOD	<LOD	22490	1979	<LOD
P-10B (QA)	3600	<LOD	262	<LOD	34278	<LOD	<LOD	19699	1590	<LOD
P-10B (QA)	4179	<LOD	326	<LOD	36096	<LOD	<LOD	20595	2170	<LOD
P-10B (QA)	3878	<LOD	434	<LOD	38195	<LOD	<LOD	18099	2250	<LOD
P-10B (QA)	4000	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	35200	<LOD	<LOD	17997	2320	<LOD
P-10B (QA)	4067	<LOD	456	<LOD	35277	<LOD	<LOD	18394	2339	<LOD
CRICKET	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	60	27	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD
RAIL TRL-1	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	98	<LOD	<LOD	6298	<LOD	<LOD
RAIL TRL-1	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	3629	713	<LOD
RAIL TRL-10	55	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	146	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	12198	<LOD
RAIL TRL-10	59	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	177	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	12000	<LOD
TAILS ~7A	662	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	2000	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	16192	1080
TAILS ~7A	12499	<LOD	830	<LOD	36198	2080	<LOD	<LOD	22195	1920
TAILS ~7A	4400	<LOD	409	<LOD	9459	574	<LOD	<LOD	13299	1390
TAILS ~7A	9696	<LOD	918	<LOD	18790	1200	<LOD	<LOD	21389	1610
TAILS ~7A	4758	<LOD	274	<LOD	7315	691	<LOD	631	16397	1510
TAILS ~7A	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	201	<LOD
TAILS ~7A	5690	<LOD	888	<LOD	7494	3059	<LOD	<LOD	35098	10694
TAILS ~7A	9485	<LOD	531	100	10195	760	<LOD	<LOD	23296	1370
TAILS ~7A	26880	<LOD	1630	<LOD	34893	2579	<LOD	<LOD	36275	2610
TAILS ~7A	26880	<LOD	2410	<LOD	34790	2549	<LOD	<LOD	41190	3690
TAILS ~7A	48998	<LOD	3869	<LOD	48077	4118	<LOD	<LOD	45184	5958
TAILS ~7A	72653	<LOD	5600	370	80384	6458	<LOD	<LOD	66253	8198
TAILS ~7A	7667	<LOD	917	<LOD	29389	1160	<LOD	<LOD	14195	1510
TAILS ~7A	9306	<LOD	557	<LOD	13491	623	<LOD	<LOD	23488	<LOD
TAILS ~7A	8915	<LOD	712	<LOD	16294	533	<LOD	<LOD	20698	1420
TAILS ~7A	4218	<LOD	330	<LOD	5699	337	<LOD	<LOD	18099	<LOD
TAILS ~7A	6358	<LOD	295	<LOD	13798	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	21389	1180
TAILS ~7A	26394	<LOD	2170	<LOD	38989	2139	<LOD	<LOD	31386	3427
7C-0"	1520	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	4509	229	<LOD	<LOD	10995	<LOD
7C-3"	2170	<LOD	199	<LOD	5459	235	<LOD	<LOD	12595	1020
7C-6"	1749	<LOD	145	<LOD	4419	338	<LOD	<LOD	12294	992
7C-9"	3818	<LOD	247	<LOD	7398	455	<LOD	<LOD	19098	1400
7C-12"	3000	<LOD	321	<LOD	5850	494	<LOD	<LOD	16691	1490
7C-15"	4090	<LOD	249	<LOD	5539	437	<LOD	<LOD	18189	1829
7C-17"	7565	<LOD	319	83	11795	995	<LOD	578	27981	3120
10B-24"	2770	<LOD	<LOD	<LOD	23693	1080	<LOD	19392	1869	<LOD
1A-B-2"	3189	<LOD	367	<LOD	6739	<LOD	<LOD	27776	1180	<LOD
1A-B12"	4147	<LOD	252	<LOD	8224	396	<LOD	28288	1880	<LOD
1A-B-18"	3179	<LOD	211	<LOD	5120	306	<LOD	28800	<LOD	<LOD
1A-B-27"	2509	<LOD	261	<LOD	4269	367	<LOD	25792	<LOD	<LOD

Table 4. Total and Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure (SPLP) Metal Concentrations, Acid-Base Accounting and pH Results in Tailings and Sediment, Silver Maple

Claims, Park City, UT

Analyte	Analysis^1	1D Oxidized Tailings	6B Sediment	65' E - 7A Hotspot Tails	10B Reduced Tailings	Water Quality Standards^2
Arsenic	SPLP	<0.04	<0.04	<0.04	<0.04	0.19
Arsenic	Total	660	240	1550	570
Cadmium	SPLP	0.28	<0.005	0.007	0.007	0.00076
Cadmium	Total	50	124	142	170
Copper	SPLP	1.27	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.039
Copper	Total	580	365	3880	650
Lead	SPLP	0.12	<0.04	0.12	0.08	0.019
Lead	Total	14200	4080	61800	8490
Mercury	SPLP	<0.0002	<0.0002	0.0002	<0.0002	0.000012
Mercury	Total	14.3	10.5	220	3.96
Zinc	SPLP	33.8	0.37	0.04	0.13	0.39
Zinc	Total	9620	10100	41300	26700
Acid Base Potential	t CaCO3/kt	-230	34	76	-338
pH	SU	2.1	6.9	6.5	6.9

¹SPLP and WQS units mg/L; total metals units mg/kg or ppm

² Hardness adjusted to 400 mg/L CaCO₃

Table 5.

Cation Exchange Capacity and Total Organic Carbon, Wetland Sediments,

Silver Maple Claims, Park City, UT

Analyte	3C	6A	6B	6C	8C	Mean
Cation Exchange Capacity meq/100g	44.3	18.9	32.7	40.8	62.2	39.8
Total Organic Carbon %	6.2	3.33	6.4	6.26	9.96	6.43

Table 6. Biological Sample Results, mg/kg dry weight

Sample/ Location	As	Cd	Cu	Pb	Hg	Zn
Potamogeton main beaver pond	24.8	34.8	119.9	925	<0.05	2778
Cattail Near transect 3	<0.05	1.7	2.6	4.5	<0.05	244
Coyote willow Near transect 3	<0.05	17.4	7.0	2.6	<0.05	723
Rocky Mtn. willow east boundary	<0.05	5.2	6.3	3.4	<0.05	440
Moose scat Near east boundary	1.4	2.6	19.7	65.0	<0.05	232
Macroinvertebrates (composite) main beaver pond	1.3	1.4	NA	29.7	0.04	170
Fish (composite) main beaver pond	0.3	0.04	NA	1.7	<0.05	45

NA – not analyzed

Table 7. BLM Mercury Analytical Results, Silver Creek

	Agency, Date	Sediment THg (mg/kg)	Sediment MHg (ug/kg)	Water THg (ng/L)	Water MHg (ng/L)
Bonanza Drive	USGS, 2000	6.5	25.8	31	0.06
West boundary SMC	BLM, 2002	5.1	4.92	15	<0.02
Center, SMC	BLM, 2002	8.0	2.44	16	0.185
East boundary SMC	BLM, 2002	7.4	3.28	17	0.041
above Richardson Flat	USGS, 2000	11.50	6.47	160	0.4
Standard or criterion		1.06 (PEC)	NA	12 (UWQS)	0.05 (wildlife criterion)

Table 8. Taxonomic list and abundances of aquatic invertebrates collected 25 July 2002 at a beaver pond on Silver Creek.

Life

Order Family Subfamily/Genus/species Stage Abundance Notes

Phylum: Annelida

Class: Hirudinea

Arhynchobdellida Erpobdellidae Dina dubia A 8 R8

Rhynchobdellida Glossiphoniidae Helobdella stagnalis A 1

Class: Oligochaeta A 8

Phylum: Arthropoda

Class: Branchiopoda

Cladocera A 5

Class: Insecta

Coleoptera Dytiscidae L 1 I

Coleoptera Dytiscidae Laccophilus L 3

Coleoptera Haliplidae A 1

Coleoptera Haliplidae Peltodytes L 5

Coleoptera Hydrophilidae Enochrus A 1

Diptera Ceratopogonidae Probezzia L 1 I

Diptera Chironomidae P 2

Diptera Chironomidae Chironominae L 189

Diptera Chironomidae Orthocladiinae L 46

Diptera Chironomidae Tanypodinae L 72

Ephemeroptera Baetidae Callibaetis L 66

Hemiptera Corixidae A 25 I,G,U

Hemiptera Notonectidae L 11 I

Odonata Aeshnidae L 1 R1

Odonata Aeshnidae Aeshna L 6 U

Odonata Coenagrionidae L 10 I

Odonata Lestidae Archilestes grandis L 27

Odonata Libellulidae L 5 U

Phylum: Mollusca

Class: Gastropoda

Basommatophora Physidae Physella A 22

Phylum: Vertebrata

Class: Osteichthyes L 1 I

Total: 23 invertebrate taxa 517

Life stage: L = Larvae, P = pupae, A = adult, E = exuvia. NC = not calculated. Abundance data is presented as number per sample of unknown area. Notes ‑ identification to genus or species was not supported because: I ‑ immature organisms, D ‑ damaged organisms, M = poor slide mount, G = gender, U = indistinct characters or distribution, R = retained in our reference collection.

Table 9. Summary of results for an aquatic invertebrate sample collected 25 July 2002 at a beaver pond on Silver Creek.

Sample results

Total OTU taxa richness: 23 EPT OTU taxa richness: 1

Mean abundance: 517 Mean EPT abundance: 66

Number of unique Orders: 9 Number of unique families: 15

Dominant family: Chironomidae Contribution of dominant family: 59.8%

Number of long‑lived taxa: 10 Number of clinger taxa: 0

Diversity indices

Shannon: 2.165 Simpson: 0.184

Menhinick: 1.056 Evenness: 0.573

Richness and abundances for taxonomic groups

OTU's Genera Abundance

All taxa groups: 23 10 517

Insects: 18 7 472

Coleoptera: 5 3 11

Diptera: 5 1 310

Ephemeroptera: 1 1 66

Hemiptera: 2 0 36

Megaloptera: 0 0 0

Odonata: 5 2 49

Plecoptera: 0 0 0

Trichoptera: 0 0 0

Annelida: 3 2 17

Crustacea: 0 0 0

Mollusca: 1 1 22

Biotic Indices

Hilsenhoff Biotic Condition Index: 5.61 moderately impaired

Intolerant taxa: 0 0.0% Intolerant taxa abundance: 0 0.0%

Tolerant taxa: 4 16.7% Tolerant taxa abundance: 231 44.7%

Abundance data are presented as number per sample. Taxa richness and relative abundance by tolerance and intolerance to pollution based on Hilsenhoff Biotic Index (HBI). Intolerant taxa are those taxa given a HBI score of 0, 1, or 2. Tolerant taxa are those taxa given a HBI score of 8, 9, or 10. and relative number of taxa for qualitative samples. ***.* = <0.1%. EPT = Ephemeroptera + Plecoptera + Trichoptera. OTU = operational taxonomic unit.

Table 10. Computation of RMC for Leaching, Silver Maple Claims
		Total Metals	SPLP	UWQS	RMC
	Waste Type	(mg/kg)	(mg/L)	(mg/L)	(mg/kg)
Arsenic
1D		660	ND (0.04)	0.19	62700
6B	sediment	240	ND (0.04)	0.19	22800
7A	neutral tailings	1550	ND (0.04)	0.19	147250
10B	reduced tailings	570	ND (0.04)	0.19	54150
Copper
1D	acidic tailings	580	1.27	0.039	178
6B	sediment	365	0.005	0.039	28470
7A	neutral tailings	3880	0.005	0.039	302640
10B	reduced tailings	650	0.005	0.039	50700
Cadmium
1D	acidic tailings	50	0.28	0.00076	1
6B	sediment	124	0.0025	0.00076	377
7A	neutral tailings	142	0.007	0.00076	154
10B	reduced tailings	170	0.007	0.00076	185
Lead
1D	acidic tailings	14200	0.12	0.019	22483
6B	sediment	4080	0.02	0.019	38760
7A	neutral tailings	61800	0.12	0.019	97850
10B	reduced tailings	8490	0.08	0.019	20164
Zinc
1D	acidic tailings	9620	33.8	0.39	1100
6B	sediment	10100	0.37	0.39	106459
7A	neutral tailings	41300	0.04	0.39	4026750
10B	reduced tailings	26700	0.13	0.39	801000

UWQS – Utah Water Quality Standards

RMC – Risk Management Criteria

SPLP- Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure
Table 11. Silver Maple Claims Comparison

of Analytical Results and Risk Management Criteria

Tailings Results and Surface Water

Tailings (mg/kg)				Sediment (mg/kg)
ANALYTE	Hotspot 65' E 7A Tailings	Leaching RMC (1D)	Camper RMC	6B Sediment	XRF Sediment Mean n=43 N=43	Mallard RMC	Sediment PEC
Arsenic	1550++	NA	20	240+	162+	116	33
Cadmium	142+	1	70	124+++	NA	1	4.98
Copper	3880+	178	5000	365+	107	141	149
Lead	61800++	22483	1000	4080++	2675++	59/530^1	128
Mercury	220+	NA	40	11++	ND^2+	4	1.06
Zinc	41300++	1100	40000	10100++	6419++	196	459
Surface Water (ug/L)
ANALYTE	SW-1 (beaver pond)		USGS SCS-0684	UWQS^*
Arsenic	<40		2.34	190
Cadmium*	<5		5.03+	0.76
Copper*	<10		1.37	39
Lead*	<50		0.62	19
Mercury	<0.2^3		NA^3	0.012
Zinc*	320		1,330+	390

^@Chronic aquatic life protection or drinking water, whichever is more stringent.

*Calculated based on hardness of 400 mg/L NA - Not available

PEC - Probable Effects Concentrations (EPA, 2000)

¹ 59 mg/kg is a conservative no-effect RMC; 530 mg/kg is lowest effect level for waterfowl (Beyer, et al 2000)

² Although not detected by XRF, SMC laboratory mean this study was 7.0 mg/kg (n=5)

³Although not detected in these samples, see Table 7: mean this study is 0.016 ug/L (n=3)

+Exceeds criteria by 1-10x

++Exceeds criteria by 10-100x

+++Exceeds criteria by 100x